Melakukan Autentikasi dengan Firebase secara Anonim di Platform Apple
Tetap teratur dengan koleksi
Simpan dan kategorikan konten berdasarkan preferensi Anda.
Anda dapat menggunakan Firebase Authentication untuk membuat dan menggunakan akun anonim sementara untuk melakukan autentikasi dengan Firebase. Dengan akun anonim sementara ini, pengguna yang belum mendaftar ke aplikasi Anda dapat menggunakan data yang dilindungi oleh aturan keamanan. Jika pengguna anonim memutuskan untuk mendaftar ke aplikasi Anda, tautkan kredensial login mereka ke akun anonim tersebut agar mereka dapat terus menggunakan data yang dilindungi tersebut pada sesi-sesi selanjutnya.
Sebelum memulai
Gunakan Swift Package Manager untuk menginstal dan mengelola dependensi Firebase.
Di Xcode, dengan project aplikasi Anda dalam keadaan terbuka, buka File > Add Packages.
Saat diminta, tambahkan repositori SDK platform Apple Firebase:
https://github.com/firebase/firebase-ios-sdk.git
Pilih library Firebase Authentication.
Tambahkan flag -ObjC ke bagian Other Linker Flags pada setelan build target Anda.
Setelah selesai, Xcode akan otomatis mulai me-resolve dan mendownload dependensi
Anda di latar belakang.
Jika Anda belum menghubungkan aplikasi ke project Firebase, lakukanlah dari
Firebase console.
Di halaman Sign-in Methods, aktifkan metode login Anonymous.
Opsional: Jika Anda telah mengupgrade project ke
Firebase Authentication with Identity Platform, Anda dapat mengaktifkan pembersihan otomatis. Saat setelan ini diaktifkan, akun anonim yang berusia lebih dari 30 hari akan otomatis dihapus. Dalam project yang mengaktifkan pembersihan otomatis, autentikasi anonim tidak akan diperhitungkan lagi dalam batas penggunaan atau kuota penagihan. Lihat Pembersihan otomatis.
Melakukan autentikasi dengan Firebase secara anonim
Ketika pengguna yang logout menggunakan fitur aplikasi yang mengharuskan autentikasi dengan Firebase, login-kan pengguna tersebut secara anonim dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah berikut:
Impor modul FirebaseCore dalam
UIApplicationDelegate Anda, serta semua
modul Firebase lainnya yang digunakan oleh delegasi aplikasi Anda.
Misalnya, untuk menggunakan Cloud Firestore dan Authentication:
Konfigurasikan instance bersama FirebaseApp di metode application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:) delegasi aplikasi Anda:
SwiftUI
// Use Firebase library to configure APIsFirebaseApp.configure()
Swift
// Use Firebase library to configure APIsFirebaseApp.configure()
Objective-C
// Use Firebase library to configure APIs[FIRAppconfigure];
Jika menggunakan SwiftUI, Anda harus membuat delegasi aplikasi dan menambahkannya ke struct App melalui UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor atau NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor. Anda juga harus menonaktifkan swizzling delegasi aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih lanjut, baca petunjuk SwiftUI.
SwiftUI
@mainstructYourApp:App{// register app delegate for Firebase setup@UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self)vardelegatevarbody:someScene{WindowGroup{NavigationView{ContentView()}}}}
Ketika pengguna anonim mendaftar ke aplikasi, Anda dapat mengizinkannya melanjutkan aktivitas dengan akun yang baru dibuat. Misalnya, Anda mungkin menginginkan agar item yang ditambahkan pengguna ke keranjang belanja sebelum mendaftar tersedia di keranjang belanja pengguna pada akun yang baru. Caranya, ikuti langkah-langkah berikut:
Ketika pengguna mendaftar, selesaikan alur login untuk penyedia autentikasi pengguna tersebut hingga, tetapi sebelum, memanggil salah satu metode FIRAuth.signInWith. Misalnya, dapatkan token ID Google, token akses Facebook, atau alamat email dan sandi pengguna tersebut.
Dapatkan FIRAuthCredential untuk penyedia autentikasi baru:
Jika panggilan ke linkWithCredential:completion: berhasil, akun baru pengguna dapat mengakses data Firebase akun anonim.
Pembersihan otomatis
Jika Anda telah mengupgrade project ke Firebase Authentication with Identity Platform, Anda dapat mengaktifkan pembersihan otomatis di Firebase console. Jika fitur ini diaktifkan, Firebase akan otomatis menghapus akun anonim yang berusia lebih dari 30 hari. Dalam project yang mengaktifkan pembersihan otomatis, autentikasi anonim tidak akan diperhitungkan dalam batas penggunaan atau kuota penagihan.
Setiap akun anonim yang dibuat setelah pembersihan otomatis diaktifkan dapat otomatis dihapus dalam waktu 30 hari setelah dibuat.
Akun anonim yang ada akan memenuhi syarat untuk penghapusan otomatis 30 hari setelah pembersihan otomatis diaktifkan.
Jika Anda menonaktifkan pembersihan otomatis, akun anonim yang dijadwalkan untuk dihapus akan tetap dijadwalkan untuk dihapus.
Jika Anda "mengupgrade" akun anonim dengan menautkannya ke metode login apa pun, akun tersebut tidak akan otomatis dihapus.
Jika ingin melihat jumlah pengguna yang akan
terkena dampaknya jika Anda mengaktifkan fitur ini, dan Anda telah
mengupgrade project ke Firebase Authentication with Identity Platform, Anda dapat memfilter berdasarkan
is_anon di Cloud
Logging.
Langkah berikutnya
Setelah pengguna dapat melakukan autentikasi dengan Firebase, Anda dapat mengontrol akses mereka ke data di database Firebase Anda menggunakan aturan Firebase.
[null,null,["Terakhir diperbarui pada 2025-08-16 UTC."],[],[],null,["You can use Firebase Authentication to create and use temporary anonymous accounts\nto authenticate with Firebase. These temporary anonymous accounts can be used to\nallow users who haven't yet signed up to your app to work with data protected\nby security rules. If an anonymous user decides to sign up to your app, you can\n[link their sign-in credentials to the anonymous\naccount](/docs/auth/ios/account-linking) so that they can continue to work with their protected data in\nfuture sessions.\n\nBefore you begin\n\n1. Use Swift Package Manager to install and manage Firebase dependencies.\n\n | Visit [our installation guide](/docs/ios/installation-methods) to learn about the different ways you can add Firebase SDKs to your Apple project, including importing frameworks directly and using CocoaPods.\n 1. In Xcode, with your app project open, navigate to **File \\\u003e Add Packages**.\n 2. When prompted, add the Firebase Apple platforms SDK repository: \n\n ```text\n https://github.com/firebase/firebase-ios-sdk.git\n ```\n | **Note:** New projects should use the default (latest) SDK version, but you can choose an older version if needed.\n 3. Choose the Firebase Authentication library.\n 4. Add the `-ObjC` flag to the *Other Linker Flags* section of your target's build settings.\n 5. When finished, Xcode will automatically begin resolving and downloading your dependencies in the background.\n2. If you haven't yet connected your app to your Firebase project, do so from the [Firebase console](//console.firebase.google.com/).\n3. Enable anonymous auth:\n 1. In the [Firebase console](//console.firebase.google.com/), open the **Auth** section.\n 2. On the **Sign-in Methods** page, enable the **Anonymous** sign-in method.\n 3. **Optional** : If you've upgraded your project to [Firebase Authentication with Identity Platform](/auth#identity-platform), you can enable automatic clean-up. When you enable this setting, anonymous accounts older than 30 days will be automatically deleted. In projects with automatic clean-up enabled, anonymous authentication will no longer count toward usage limits or billing quotas. See [Automatic clean-up](#auto-cleanup).\n\nAuthenticate with Firebase anonymously\n\nWhen a signed-out user uses an app feature that requires authentication with\nFirebase, sign in the user anonymously by completing the following steps:\n\n1. Import the `FirebaseCore` module in your `UIApplicationDelegate`, as well as any other [Firebase modules](/docs/ios/setup#available-pods) your app delegate uses. For example, to use Cloud Firestore and Authentication: \n\n SwiftUI \n\n ```swift\n import SwiftUI\n import FirebaseCore\n import FirebaseFirestore\n import FirebaseAuth\n // ...\n \n ```\n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n import FirebaseCore\n import FirebaseFirestore\n import FirebaseAuth\n // ...\n \n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n @import FirebaseCore;\n @import FirebaseFirestore;\n @import FirebaseAuth;\n // ...\n \n ```\n2. Configure a [`FirebaseApp`](/docs/reference/swift/firebasecore/api/reference/Classes/FirebaseApp) shared instance in your app delegate's `application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:)` method: \n\n SwiftUI \n\n ```swift\n // Use Firebase library to configure APIs\n FirebaseApp.configure()\n ```\n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n // Use Firebase library to configure APIs\n FirebaseApp.configure()\n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n // Use Firebase library to configure APIs\n [FIRApp configure];\n ```\n3. If you're using SwiftUI, you must create an application delegate and attach it to your `App` struct via `UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor` or `NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor`. You must also disable app delegate swizzling. For more information, see the [SwiftUI instructions](/docs/ios/learn-more#swiftui). \n\n SwiftUI \n\n ```swift\n @main\n struct YourApp: App {\n // register app delegate for Firebase setup\n @UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) var delegate\n\n var body: some Scene {\n WindowGroup {\n NavigationView {\n ContentView()\n }\n }\n }\n }\n \n ```\n4. Call the `signInAnonymouslyWithCompletion:` method: \n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n Auth.auth().signInAnonymously { authResult, error in\n // ...\n }\n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n [[FIRAuth auth] signInAnonymouslyWithCompletion:^(FIRAuthDataResult * _Nullable authResult,\n NSError * _Nullable error) {\n // ...\n }];\n ```\n5. If the `signInAnonymouslyWithCompletion:` method completes without error, you can get the anonymous user's account data from the `FIRAuthDataResult` object: \n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n guard let user = authResult?.user else { return }\n let isAnonymous = user.isAnonymous // true\n let uid = user.uid\n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n FIRUser *user = authResult.user;\n BOOL isAnonymous = user.anonymous; // YES\n NSString *uid = user.uid;\n ```\n\n| To protect your project from abuse, Firebase limits the number of new email/password and anonymous sign-ups that your application can have from the same IP address in a short period of time. You can request and schedule temporary changes to this quota from the [Firebase console](//console.firebase.google.com/project/_/authentication/providers).\n\nConvert an anonymous account to a permanent account\n\nWhen an anonymous user signs up to your app, you might want to allow them to\ncontinue their work with their new account---for example, you might want to\nmake the items the user added to their shopping cart before they signed up\navailable in their new account's shopping cart. To do so, complete the following\nsteps:\n\n1. When the user signs up, complete the sign-in flow for the user's authentication provider up to, but not including, calling one of the [`FIRAuth.signInWith`](/docs/reference/ios/firebaseauth/interface_f_i_r_auth) methods. For example, get the user's Google ID token, Facebook access token, or email address and password.\n2. Get an `FIRAuthCredential` for the new authentication provider:\n\n Google Sign-In \n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n guard\n let authentication = user?.authentication,\n let idToken = authentication.idToken\n else {\n return\n }\n\n let credential = GoogleAuthProvider.credential(withIDToken: idToken,\n accessToken: authentication.accessToken)\n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n FIRAuthCredential *credential =\n [FIRGoogleAuthProvider credentialWithIDToken:result.user.idToken.tokenString\n accessToken:result.user.accessToken.tokenString];\n ```\n\n Facebook Login \n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n let credential = FacebookAuthProvider\n .credential(withAccessToken: AccessToken.current!.tokenString)\n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n FIRAuthCredential *credential = [FIRFacebookAuthProvider\n credentialWithAccessToken:[FBSDKAccessToken currentAccessToken].tokenString];\n ```\n\n Email-password sign-in \n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n let credential = EmailAuthProvider.credential(withEmail: email, password: password)\n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n FIRAuthCredential *credential =\n [FIREmailAuthProvider credentialWithEmail:email\n password:password];\n ```\n3. Pass the `FIRAuthCredential` object to the sign-in user's\n `linkWithCredential:completion:` method:\n\n Swift \n\n ```swift\n user.link(with: credential) { authResult, error in\n // ...\n }\n }\n ```\n\n Objective-C \n\n ```objective-c\n [[FIRAuth auth].currentUser linkWithCredential:credential\n completion:^(FIRAuthDataResult *result, NSError *_Nullable error) {\n // ...\n }];\n ```\n\nIf the call to `linkWithCredential:completion:` succeeds, the user's new account can\naccess the anonymous account's Firebase data.\n| This technique can also be used to [link any two accounts](/docs/auth/ios/account-linking).\n\nAutomatic clean-up\n\nIf you've upgraded your project to [Firebase Authentication with Identity Platform](/docs/auth#identity-platform), you can\nenable automatic clean-up in the Firebase console. When you enable this feature you allow\nFirebase to automatically delete anonymous accounts older than 30 days. In projects with automatic\nclean-up enabled, anonymous authentication will not count toward usage limits or billing quotas.\n\n- Any anonymous accounts created after enabling automatic clean-up might be automatically deleted any time after 30 days post-creation.\n- Existing anonymous accounts will be eligible for automatic deletion 30 days after enabling automatic clean-up.\n- If you turn automatic clean-up off, any anonymous accounts scheduled to be deleted will remain scheduled to be deleted.\n- If you \"upgrade\" an anonymous account by linking it to any sign-in method, the account will not get automatically deleted.\n\nIf you want to see how many users will be affected before you enable this feature, and you've\nupgraded your project to [Firebase Authentication with Identity Platform](/docs/auth#identity-platform), you can filter by\n`is_anon` in [Cloud\nLogging](https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs).\n\nNext steps\n\nNow that users can authenticate with Firebase, you can control their access to\ndata in your Firebase database using\n[Firebase rules](/docs/database/security#section-authorization)."]]
