Get Started with Firebase Authentication on Android

Connect your app to Firebase

If you haven't already, add Firebase to your Android project.

Add Firebase Authentication to your app

In your module (app-level) Gradle file (usually <project>/<app-module>/build.gradle), add the dependency for the Firebase Authentication Android library. We recommend using the Firebase Android BoM to control library versioning.

Java

dependencies {
    // Import the BoM for the Firebase platform
    implementation platform('com.google.firebase:firebase-bom:30.4.1')

    // Add the dependency for the Firebase Authentication library
    // When using the BoM, you don't specify versions in Firebase library dependencies
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth'
}

By using the Firebase Android BoM, your app will always use compatible versions of Firebase Android libraries.

(Alternative) Add Firebase library dependencies without using the BoM

If you choose not to use the Firebase BoM, you must specify each Firebase library version in its dependency line.

Note that if you use multiple Firebase libraries in your app, we strongly recommend using the BoM to manage library versions, which ensures that all versions are compatible.

dependencies {
    // Add the dependency for the Firebase Authentication library
    // When NOT using the BoM, you must specify versions in Firebase library dependencies
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:21.0.8'
}

Kotlin+KTX

dependencies {
    // Import the BoM for the Firebase platform
    implementation platform('com.google.firebase:firebase-bom:30.4.1')

    // Add the dependency for the Firebase Authentication library
    // When using the BoM, you don't specify versions in Firebase library dependencies
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx'
}

By using the Firebase Android BoM, your app will always use compatible versions of Firebase Android libraries.

(Alternative) Add Firebase library dependencies without using the BoM

If you choose not to use the Firebase BoM, you must specify each Firebase library version in its dependency line.

Note that if you use multiple Firebase libraries in your app, we strongly recommend using the BoM to manage library versions, which ensures that all versions are compatible.

dependencies {
    // Add the dependency for the Firebase Authentication library
    // When NOT using the BoM, you must specify versions in Firebase library dependencies
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:21.0.8'
}

To use an authentication provider, you need to enable it in the Firebase console. Go to the Sign-in Method page in the Firebase Authentication section to enable Email/Password sign-in and any other identity providers you want for your app.

(Optional) Prototype and test with Firebase Local Emulator Suite

Before talking about how your app authenticates users, let's introduce a set of tools you can use to prototype and test Authentication functionality: Firebase Local Emulator Suite. If you're deciding among authentication techniques and providers, trying out different data models with public and private data using Authentication and Firebase Security Rules, or prototyping sign-in UI designs, being able to work locally without deploying live services can be a great idea.

An Authentication emulator is part of the Local Emulator Suite, which enables your app to interact with emulated database content and config, as well as optionally your emulated project resources (functions, other databases, and security rules).

Using the Authentication emulator involves just a few steps:

Adding a line of code to your app's test config to connect to the emulator.
From the root of your local project directory, running firebase emulators:start.
Using the Local Emulator Suite UI for interactive prototyping, or the Authentication emulator REST API for non-interactive testing.

A detailed guide is available at Connect your app to the Authentication emulator. For more information, see the Local Emulator Suite introduction.

Now let's continue with how to authenticate users.

Check current auth state

Declare an instance of FirebaseAuth.

Java

private FirebaseAuth mAuth;EmailPasswordActivity.java

Kotlin+KTX

private lateinit var auth: FirebaseAuthEmailPasswordActivity.kt

In the onCreate() method, initialize the FirebaseAuth instance.

Java

// Initialize Firebase Auth
mAuth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance();EmailPasswordActivity.java

Kotlin+KTX

// Initialize Firebase Auth
auth = Firebase.authEmailPasswordActivity.kt

When initializing your Activity, check to see if the user is currently signed in.

Java

@Override
public void onStart() {
    super.onStart();
    // Check if user is signed in (non-null) and update UI accordingly.
    FirebaseUser currentUser = mAuth.getCurrentUser();
    if(currentUser != null){
        reload();
    }
}EmailPasswordActivity.java

Kotlin+KTX

public override fun onStart() {
    super.onStart()
    // Check if user is signed in (non-null) and update UI accordingly.
    val currentUser = auth.currentUser
    if(currentUser != null){
        reload();
    }
}EmailPasswordActivity.kt

Sign up new users

Create a new createAccount method that takes in an email address and password, validates them, and then creates a new user with the createUserWithEmailAndPassword method.

Java

mAuth.createUserWithEmailAndPassword(email, password)
        .addOnCompleteListener(this, new OnCompleteListener<AuthResult>() {
            @Override
            public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<AuthResult> task) {
                if (task.isSuccessful()) {
                    // Sign in success, update UI with the signed-in user's information
                    Log.d(TAG, "createUserWithEmail:success");
                    FirebaseUser user = mAuth.getCurrentUser();
                    updateUI(user);
                } else {
                    // If sign in fails, display a message to the user.
                    Log.w(TAG, "createUserWithEmail:failure", task.getException());
                    Toast.makeText(EmailPasswordActivity.this, "Authentication failed.",
                            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    updateUI(null);
                }
            }
        });EmailPasswordActivity.java

Kotlin+KTX

auth.createUserWithEmailAndPassword(email, password)
        .addOnCompleteListener(this) { task ->
            if (task.isSuccessful) {
                // Sign in success, update UI with the signed-in user's information
                Log.d(TAG, "createUserWithEmail:success")
                val user = auth.currentUser
                updateUI(user)
            } else {
                // If sign in fails, display a message to the user.
                Log.w(TAG, "createUserWithEmail:failure", task.exception)
                Toast.makeText(baseContext, "Authentication failed.",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                updateUI(null)
            }
        }EmailPasswordActivity.kt

Add a form to register new users with their email and password and call this new method when it is submitted. You can see an example in our quickstart sample.

Sign in existing users

Create a new signIn method which takes in an email address and password, validates them, and then signs a user in with the signInWithEmailAndPassword method.

Java

mAuth.signInWithEmailAndPassword(email, password)
        .addOnCompleteListener(this, new OnCompleteListener<AuthResult>() {
            @Override
            public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<AuthResult> task) {
                if (task.isSuccessful()) {
                    // Sign in success, update UI with the signed-in user's information
                    Log.d(TAG, "signInWithEmail:success");
                    FirebaseUser user = mAuth.getCurrentUser();
                    updateUI(user);
                } else {
                    // If sign in fails, display a message to the user.
                    Log.w(TAG, "signInWithEmail:failure", task.getException());
                    Toast.makeText(EmailPasswordActivity.this, "Authentication failed.",
                            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    updateUI(null);
                }
            }
        });EmailPasswordActivity.java

Kotlin+KTX

auth.signInWithEmailAndPassword(email, password)
        .addOnCompleteListener(this) { task ->
            if (task.isSuccessful) {
                // Sign in success, update UI with the signed-in user's information
                Log.d(TAG, "signInWithEmail:success")
                val user = auth.currentUser
                updateUI(user)
            } else {
                // If sign in fails, display a message to the user.
                Log.w(TAG, "signInWithEmail:failure", task.exception)
                Toast.makeText(baseContext, "Authentication failed.",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                updateUI(null)
            }
        }EmailPasswordActivity.kt

Add a form to sign in users with their email and password and call this new method when it is submitted. You can see an example in our quickstart sample.

Access user information

If a user has signed in successfully you can get their account data at any point with the getCurrentUser method.

Java

FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser();
if (user != null) {
    // Name, email address, and profile photo Url
    String name = user.getDisplayName();
    String email = user.getEmail();
    Uri photoUrl = user.getPhotoUrl();

    // Check if user's email is verified
    boolean emailVerified = user.isEmailVerified();

    // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use this value to
    // authenticate with your backend server, if you have one. Use
    // FirebaseUser.getIdToken() instead.
    String uid = user.getUid();
}MainActivity.java

Kotlin+KTX

val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser
user?.let {
    // Name, email address, and profile photo Url
    val name = user.displayName
    val email = user.email
    val photoUrl = user.photoUrl

    // Check if user's email is verified
    val emailVerified = user.isEmailVerified

    // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use this value to
    // authenticate with your backend server, if you have one. Use
    // FirebaseUser.getToken() instead.
    val uid = user.uid
}MainActivity.kt

Next Steps

Explore the guides on adding other identity and authentication services: