您可以将 Facebook 登录或 Facebook 受限登录机制集成到您的应用中,让您的用户可使用自己的 Facebook 帐号进行 Firebase 身份验证。
准备工作
使用 Swift Package Manager 安装和管理 Firebase 依赖项。
- 在 Xcode 中打开您的应用项目,依次点击 File(文件)> Add Packages(添加软件包)。
- 出现提示时,添加 Firebase Apple 平台 SDK 代码库:
- 选择 Firebase Authentication 库。
- 完成之后,Xcode 将会自动开始在后台解析和下载您的依赖项。
https://github.com/firebase/firebase-ios-sdk
接下来,执行一些配置步骤:
- 在 Facebook for Developers 网站上,为您的应用获取应用 ID (App ID) 和应用密钥 (App Secret)。
- 启用 Facebook 登录方式:
- 在 Firebase 控制台中,打开 Auth 部分。
- 在登录方法标签页中,启用 Facebook 登录方法,并指定您之前从 Facebook 获得的应用 ID 和应用密钥。
- 然后,请务必前往 Facebook for Developers 网站,依次点击 Product Settings(产品设置)> Facebook Login(Facebook 登录)配置,然后在您的 Facebook 应用的设置页面中,确保您的 OAuth 重定向 URI(例如
my-app-12345.firebaseapp.com/__/auth/handler
)出现在 OAuth redirect URIs(OAuth 重定向 URI)列表中。
实现 Facebook 登录
如需使用“传统版”Facebook 登录,请完成以下步骤。或者,您也可以使用 Facebook 受限登录,如下一部分所示。
- 按开发者文档中的说明操作,将 Facebook 登录集成到您的应用中。当初始化
FBSDKLoginButton
对象时,设置一个委托 (delegate) 来接收登录和退出帐号事件。例如:Swift
let loginButton = FBSDKLoginButton() loginButton.delegate = self
Objective-C
FBSDKLoginButton *loginButton = [[FBSDKLoginButton alloc] init]; loginButton.delegate = self;
didCompleteWithResult:error:
。Swift
func loginButton(_ loginButton: FBSDKLoginButton!, didCompleteWith result: FBSDKLoginManagerLoginResult!, error: Error!) { if let error = error { print(error.localizedDescription) return } // ... }
Objective-C
- (void)loginButton:(FBSDKLoginButton *)loginButton didCompleteWithResult:(FBSDKLoginManagerLoginResult *)result error:(NSError *)error { if (error == nil) { // ... } else { NSLog(error.localizedDescription); } }
- 在
UIApplicationDelegate
中导入FirebaseCore
模块,以及您的应用委托 (app delegate) 使用的所有其他 Firebase 模块。 例如,如需使用 Cloud Firestore 和 Authentication,请添加以下代码:SwiftUI
import SwiftUI import FirebaseCore import FirebaseFirestore import FirebaseAuth // ...
Swift
import FirebaseCore import FirebaseFirestore import FirebaseAuth // ...
Objective-C
@import FirebaseCore; @import FirebaseFirestore; @import FirebaseAuth; // ...
- 在应用委托的
application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:)
方法中配置一个FirebaseApp
共享实例:SwiftUI
// Use Firebase library to configure APIs FirebaseApp.configure()
Swift
// Use Firebase library to configure APIs FirebaseApp.configure()
Objective-C
// Use Firebase library to configure APIs [FIRApp configure];
- 如果您使用的是 SwiftUI,则必须创建应用委托并通过
UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor
或NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor
将其附加到App
结构体。您还必须停用应用委托调配。如需了解详情,请参阅 SwiftUI 说明。SwiftUI
@main struct YourApp: App { // register app delegate for Firebase setup @UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) var delegate var body: some Scene { WindowGroup { NavigationView { ContentView() } } } }
- 用户成功登录后,您可在
didCompleteWithResult:error:
的实现代码中,为已登录的用户获取一个访问令牌,然后用该访问令牌换取 Firebase 凭据:Swift
let credential = FacebookAuthProvider .credential(withAccessToken: AccessToken.current!.tokenString)
Objective-C
FIRAuthCredential *credential = [FIRFacebookAuthProvider credentialWithAccessToken:[FBSDKAccessToken currentAccessToken].tokenString];
实现 Facebook 受限登录
如需使用 Facebook 受限登录(而非“传统版”Facebook 登录),请完成以下步骤。
- 按开发者文档中的说明操作,将 Facebook 受限登录集成到您的应用中。
- 为每个登录请求生成唯一的随机字符串(“Nonce”),用来确保您获取的 ID 令牌专门用于响应您的应用的身份验证请求。此步骤对于防止重放攻击至关重要。
您可以使用
SecRandomCopyBytes(_:_:_)
生成加密的安全 Nonce,如以下示例所示:Swift
private func randomNonceString(length: Int = 32) -> String { precondition(length > 0) var randomBytes = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: length) let errorCode = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, randomBytes.count, &randomBytes) if errorCode != errSecSuccess { fatalError( "Unable to generate nonce. SecRandomCopyBytes failed with OSStatus \(errorCode)" ) } let charset: [Character] = Array("0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-._") let nonce = randomBytes.map { byte in // Pick a random character from the set, wrapping around if needed. charset[Int(byte) % charset.count] } return String(nonce) }
Objective-C
// Adapted from https://auth0.com/docs/api-auth/tutorials/nonce#generate-a-cryptographically-random-nonce - (NSString *)randomNonce:(NSInteger)length { NSAssert(length > 0, @"Expected nonce to have positive length"); NSString *characterSet = @"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-._"; NSMutableString *result = [NSMutableString string]; NSInteger remainingLength = length; while (remainingLength > 0) { NSMutableArray *randoms = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:16]; for (NSInteger i = 0; i < 16; i++) { uint8_t random = 0; int errorCode = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, 1, &random); NSAssert(errorCode == errSecSuccess, @"Unable to generate nonce: OSStatus %i", errorCode); [randoms addObject:@(random)]; } for (NSNumber *random in randoms) { if (remainingLength == 0) { break; } if (random.unsignedIntValue < characterSet.length) { unichar character = [characterSet characterAtIndex:random.unsignedIntValue]; [result appendFormat:@"%C", character]; remainingLength--; } } } return [result copy]; }
Swift
@available(iOS 13, *) private func sha256(_ input: String) -> String { let inputData = Data(input.utf8) let hashedData = SHA256.hash(data: inputData) let hashString = hashedData.compactMap { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined() return hashString }
Objective-C
- (NSString *)stringBySha256HashingString:(NSString *)input { const char *string = [input UTF8String]; unsigned char result[CC_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH]; CC_SHA256(string, (CC_LONG)strlen(string), result); NSMutableString *hashed = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:CC_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2]; for (NSInteger i = 0; i < CC_SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) { [hashed appendFormat:@"%02x", result[i]]; } return hashed; }
- 设置
FBSDKLoginButton
时,请设置一个委托来接收登录和退出帐号事件,将跟踪模式设置为FBSDKLoginTrackingLimited
,并附加一个 Nonce。例如:Swift
func setupLoginButton() { let nonce = randomNonceString() currentNonce = nonce loginButton.delegate = self loginButton.loginTracking = .limited loginButton.nonce = sha256(nonce) }
Objective-C
- (void)setupLoginButton { NSString *nonce = [self randomNonce:32]; self.currentNonce = nonce; self.loginButton.delegate = self; self.loginButton.loginTracking = FBSDKLoginTrackingLimited self.loginButton.nonce = [self stringBySha256HashingString:nonce]; }
didCompleteWithResult:error:
。Swift
func loginButton(_ loginButton: FBSDKLoginButton!, didCompleteWith result: FBSDKLoginManagerLoginResult!, error: Error!) { if let error = error { print(error.localizedDescription) return } // ... }
Objective-C
- (void)loginButton:(FBSDKLoginButton *)loginButton didCompleteWithResult:(FBSDKLoginManagerLoginResult *)result error:(NSError *)error { if (error == nil) { // ... } else { NSLog(error.localizedDescription); } }
- 在
UIApplicationDelegate
中导入FirebaseCore
模块,以及您的应用委托 (app delegate) 使用的所有其他 Firebase 模块。 例如,如需使用 Cloud Firestore 和 Authentication,请添加以下代码:SwiftUI
import SwiftUI import FirebaseCore import FirebaseFirestore import FirebaseAuth // ...
Swift
import FirebaseCore import FirebaseFirestore import FirebaseAuth // ...
Objective-C
@import FirebaseCore; @import FirebaseFirestore; @import FirebaseAuth; // ...
- 在应用委托的
application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:)
方法中配置一个FirebaseApp
共享实例:SwiftUI
// Use Firebase library to configure APIs FirebaseApp.configure()
Swift
// Use Firebase library to configure APIs FirebaseApp.configure()
Objective-C
// Use Firebase library to configure APIs [FIRApp configure];
- 如果您使用的是 SwiftUI,则必须创建应用委托并通过
UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor
或NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor
将其附加到App
结构体。您还必须停用应用委托调配。如需了解详情,请参阅 SwiftUI 说明。SwiftUI
@main struct YourApp: App { // register app delegate for Firebase setup @UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) var delegate var body: some Scene { WindowGroup { NavigationView { ContentView() } } } }
- 用户成功登录之后,您可在
didCompleteWithResult:error:
的实现代码中,使用 Facebook 响应中的 ID 令牌和未经哈希处理的 Nonce 来获取 Firebase 凭据:Swift
// Initialize a Firebase credential. let idTokenString = AuthenticationToken.current?.tokenString let nonce = currentNonce let credential = OAuthProvider.credential(withProviderID: "facebook.com", idToken: idTokenString!, rawNonce: nonce)
Objective-C
// Initialize a Firebase credential. NSString *idTokenString = FBSDKAuthenticationToken.currentAuthenticationToken.tokenString; NSString *rawNonce = self.currentNonce; FIROAuthCredential *credential = [FIROAuthProvider credentialWithProviderID:@"facebook.com" IDToken:idTokenString rawNonce:rawNonce];
进行 Firebase 身份验证
最后,使用 Firebase 凭据进行 Firebase 身份验证:
Swift
Auth.auth().signIn(with: credential) { authResult, error in if let error = error { let authError = error as NSError if isMFAEnabled, authError.code == AuthErrorCode.secondFactorRequired.rawValue { // The user is a multi-factor user. Second factor challenge is required. let resolver = authError .userInfo[AuthErrorUserInfoMultiFactorResolverKey] as! MultiFactorResolver var displayNameString = "" for tmpFactorInfo in resolver.hints { displayNameString += tmpFactorInfo.displayName ?? "" displayNameString += " " } self.showTextInputPrompt( withMessage: "Select factor to sign in\n\(displayNameString)", completionBlock: { userPressedOK, displayName in var selectedHint: PhoneMultiFactorInfo? for tmpFactorInfo in resolver.hints { if displayName == tmpFactorInfo.displayName { selectedHint = tmpFactorInfo as? PhoneMultiFactorInfo } } PhoneAuthProvider.provider() .verifyPhoneNumber(with: selectedHint!, uiDelegate: nil, multiFactorSession: resolver .session) { verificationID, error in if error != nil { print( "Multi factor start sign in failed. Error: \(error.debugDescription)" ) } else { self.showTextInputPrompt( withMessage: "Verification code for \(selectedHint?.displayName ?? "")", completionBlock: { userPressedOK, verificationCode in let credential: PhoneAuthCredential? = PhoneAuthProvider.provider() .credential(withVerificationID: verificationID!, verificationCode: verificationCode!) let assertion: MultiFactorAssertion? = PhoneMultiFactorGenerator .assertion(with: credential!) resolver.resolveSignIn(with: assertion!) { authResult, error in if error != nil { print( "Multi factor finanlize sign in failed. Error: \(error.debugDescription)" ) } else { self.navigationController?.popViewController(animated: true) } } } ) } } } ) } else { self.showMessagePrompt(error.localizedDescription) return } // ... return } // User is signed in // ... }
Objective-C
[[FIRAuth auth] signInWithCredential:credential completion:^(FIRAuthDataResult * _Nullable authResult, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (isMFAEnabled && error && error.code == FIRAuthErrorCodeSecondFactorRequired) { FIRMultiFactorResolver *resolver = error.userInfo[FIRAuthErrorUserInfoMultiFactorResolverKey]; NSMutableString *displayNameString = [NSMutableString string]; for (FIRMultiFactorInfo *tmpFactorInfo in resolver.hints) { [displayNameString appendString:tmpFactorInfo.displayName]; [displayNameString appendString:@" "]; } [self showTextInputPromptWithMessage:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Select factor to sign in\n%@", displayNameString] completionBlock:^(BOOL userPressedOK, NSString *_Nullable displayName) { FIRPhoneMultiFactorInfo* selectedHint; for (FIRMultiFactorInfo *tmpFactorInfo in resolver.hints) { if ([displayName isEqualToString:tmpFactorInfo.displayName]) { selectedHint = (FIRPhoneMultiFactorInfo *)tmpFactorInfo; } } [FIRPhoneAuthProvider.provider verifyPhoneNumberWithMultiFactorInfo:selectedHint UIDelegate:nil multiFactorSession:resolver.session completion:^(NSString * _Nullable verificationID, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (error) { [self showMessagePrompt:error.localizedDescription]; } else { [self showTextInputPromptWithMessage:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Verification code for %@", selectedHint.displayName] completionBlock:^(BOOL userPressedOK, NSString *_Nullable verificationCode) { FIRPhoneAuthCredential *credential = [[FIRPhoneAuthProvider provider] credentialWithVerificationID:verificationID verificationCode:verificationCode]; FIRMultiFactorAssertion *assertion = [FIRPhoneMultiFactorGenerator assertionWithCredential:credential]; [resolver resolveSignInWithAssertion:assertion completion:^(FIRAuthDataResult * _Nullable authResult, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (error) { [self showMessagePrompt:error.localizedDescription]; } else { NSLog(@"Multi factor finanlize sign in succeeded."); } }]; }]; } }]; }]; } else if (error) { // ... return; } // User successfully signed in. Get user data from the FIRUser object if (authResult == nil) { return; } FIRUser *user = authResult.user; // ... }];
后续步骤
在用户首次登录后,系统会创建一个新的用户帐号,并将其与该用户登录时使用的凭据(即用户名和密码、电话号码或者身份验证提供方信息)相关联。此新帐号存储在您的 Firebase 项目中,无论用户采用何种方式登录,您项目中的每个应用都可以使用此帐号来识别用户。
在您的 Firebase Realtime Database 和 Cloud Storage 安全规则中,您可以从
auth
变量获取已登录用户的唯一用户 ID,然后利用此 ID 来控制用户可以访问哪些数据。
您可以将多个身份验证提供方凭据与一个现有用户帐号关联,让用户可以使用多个身份验证提供方登录您的应用。
如需将用户退出登录,请调用 signOut:
。
Swift
let firebaseAuth = Auth.auth() do { try firebaseAuth.signOut() } catch let signOutError as NSError { print("Error signing out: %@", signOutError) }
Objective-C
NSError *signOutError; BOOL status = [[FIRAuth auth] signOut:&signOutError]; if (!status) { NSLog(@"Error signing out: %@", signOutError); return; }
您可能还需要为所有身份验证错误添加错误处理代码。请参阅处理错误。