如果您尚未设置 Firebase Admin SDK，请按照指南在您的服务器上设置 Firebase Admin SDK。
启用 FCM HTTP v1 API
在项目的 Cloud Messaging 设置页面中启用 Cloud Messaging API。
向特定设备发送消息
如需向单台特定设备发送消息，请按如下所示传递设备的注册令牌。
Node.js
// This registration token comes from the client FCM SDKs.
const registrationToken = 'YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN';
const message = {
data: {
score: '850',
time: '2:45'
},
token: registrationToken
};
// Send a message to the device corresponding to the provided
// registration token.
getMessaging().send(message)
.then((response) => {
// Response is a message ID string.
console.log('Successfully sent message:', response);
})
.catch((error) => {
console.log('Error sending message:', error);
});
Java
// This registration token comes from the client FCM SDKs.
String registrationToken = "YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN";
// See documentation on defining a message payload.
Message message = Message.builder()
.putData("score", "850")
.putData("time", "2:45")
.setToken(registrationToken)
.build();
// Send a message to the device corresponding to the provided
// registration token.
String response = FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().send(message);
// Response is a message ID string.
System.out.println("Successfully sent message: " + response);
Python
# This registration token comes from the client FCM SDKs.
registration_token = 'YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN'
# See documentation on defining a message payload.
message = messaging.Message(
data={
'score': '850',
'time': '2:45',
},
token=registration_token,
)
# Send a message to the device corresponding to the provided
# registration token.
response = messaging.send(message)
# Response is a message ID string.
print('Successfully sent message:', response)
Go
// Obtain a messaging.Client from the App.
ctx := context.Background()
client, err := app.Messaging(ctx)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("error getting Messaging client: %v\n", err)
}
// This registration token comes from the client FCM SDKs.
registrationToken := "YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN"
// See documentation on defining a message payload.
message := &messaging.Message{
Data: map[string]string{
"score": "850",
"time": "2:45",
},
Token: registrationToken,
}
// Send a message to the device corresponding to the provided
// registration token.
response, err := client.Send(ctx, message)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
// Response is a message ID string.
fmt.Println("Successfully sent message:", response)
C#
// This registration token comes from the client FCM SDKs.
var registrationToken = "YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN";
// See documentation on defining a message payload.
var message = new Message()
{
Data = new Dictionary<string, string>()
{
{ "score", "850" },
{ "time", "2:45" },
},
Token = registrationToken,
};
// Send a message to the device corresponding to the provided
// registration token.
string response = await FirebaseMessaging.DefaultInstance.SendAsync(message);
// Response is a message ID string.
Console.WriteLine("Successfully sent message: " + response);
运行成功后，每种发送方法都将返回一个消息 ID。Firebase Admin SDK 会返回 projects/{project_id}/messages/{message_id} 格式的消息 ID 字符串。
向多台设备发送一条消息
借助 Admin FCM SDK，您可以指定一系列设备注册令牌，并将消息多播到这些设备。如果您需要向大量设备发送同一消息，可以使用此功能。每次调用时，您最多可以指定 500 个设备注册令牌。
返回值包含令牌列表，与输入令牌的顺序对应。如果您想检查哪些令牌导致了错误，并妥善处理，此功能非常实用。
Node.js
// These registration tokens come from the client FCM SDKs.
const registrationTokens = [
'YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_1',
// …
'YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_N',
];
const message = {
data: {score: '850', time: '2:45'},
tokens: registrationTokens,
};
getMessaging().sendEachForMulticast(message)
.then((response) => {
if (response.failureCount > 0) {
const failedTokens = [];
response.responses.forEach((resp, idx) => {
if (!resp.success) {
failedTokens.push(registrationTokens[idx]);
}
});
console.log('List of tokens that caused failures: ' + failedTokens);
}
});
Java
// These registration tokens come from the client FCM SDKs.
List<String> registrationTokens = Arrays.asList(
"YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_1",
// ...
"YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_n"
);
MulticastMessage message = MulticastMessage.builder()
.putData("score", "850")
.putData("time", "2:45")
.addAllTokens(registrationTokens)
.build();
BatchResponse response = FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().sendEachForMulticast(message);
if (response.getFailureCount() > 0) {
List<SendResponse> responses = response.getResponses();
List<String> failedTokens = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < responses.size(); i++) {
if (!responses.get(i).isSuccessful()) {
// The order of responses corresponds to the order of the registration tokens.
failedTokens.add(registrationTokens.get(i));
}
}
System.out.println("List of tokens that caused failures: " + failedTokens);
}
Python
# These registration tokens come from the client FCM SDKs.
registration_tokens = [
'YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_1',
# ...
'YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_N',
]
message = messaging.MulticastMessage(
data={'score': '850', 'time': '2:45'},
tokens=registration_tokens,
)
response = messaging.send_each_for_multicast(message)
if response.failure_count > 0:
responses = response.responses
failed_tokens = []
for idx, resp in enumerate(responses):
if not resp.success:
# The order of responses corresponds to the order of the registration tokens.
failed_tokens.append(registration_tokens[idx])
print(f'List of tokens that caused failures: {failed_tokens}')
Go
// Create a list containing up to 500 registration tokens.
// This registration tokens come from the client FCM SDKs.
registrationTokens := []string{
"YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_1",
// ...
"YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_n",
}
message := &messaging.MulticastMessage{
Data: map[string]string{
"score": "850",
"time": "2:45",
},
Tokens: registrationTokens,
}
br, err := client.SendEachForMulticast(context.Background(), message)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
if br.FailureCount > 0 {
var failedTokens []string
for idx, resp := range br.Responses {
if !resp.Success {
// The order of responses corresponds to the order of the registration tokens.
failedTokens = append(failedTokens, registrationTokens[idx])
}
}
fmt.Printf("List of tokens that caused failures: %v\n", failedTokens)
}
C#
// These registration tokens come from the client FCM SDKs.
var registrationTokens = new List<string>()
{
"YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_1",
// ...
"YOUR_REGISTRATION_TOKEN_n",
};
var message = new MulticastMessage()
{
Tokens = registrationTokens,
Data = new Dictionary<string, string>()
{
{ "score", "850" },
{ "time", "2:45" },
},
};
var response = await FirebaseMessaging.DefaultInstance.SendEachForMulticastAsync(message);
if (response.FailureCount > 0)
{
var failedTokens = new List<string>();
for (var i = 0; i < response.Responses.Count; i++)
{
if (!response.Responses[i].IsSuccess)
{
// The order of responses corresponds to the order of the registration tokens.
failedTokens.Add(registrationTokens[i]);
}
}
Console.WriteLine($"List of tokens that caused failures: {failedTokens}");
}
发送消息列表
Admin SDK 支持发送最多包含 500 条消息的列表。此功能可用于构建一组自定义消息，并将其发送给不同的接收者，包括主题或特定设备注册令牌。 例如，如果您需要向不同目标设备发送略有差异的消息，可以使用此功能。
Node.js
// Create a list containing up to 500 messages.
const messages = [];
messages.push({
notification: { title: 'Price drop', body: '5% off all electronics' },
token: registrationToken,
});
messages.push({
notification: { title: 'Price drop', body: '2% off all books' },
topic: 'readers-club',
});
getMessaging().sendEach(messages)
.then((response) => {
console.log(response.successCount + ' messages were sent successfully');
});
Java
// Create a list containing up to 500 messages.
List<Message> messages = Arrays.asList(
Message.builder()
.setNotification(Notification.builder()
.setTitle("Price drop")
.setBody("5% off all electronics")
.build())
.setToken(registrationToken)
.build(),
// ...
Message.builder()
.setNotification(Notification.builder()
.setTitle("Price drop")
.setBody("2% off all books")
.build())
.setTopic("readers-club")
.build()
);
BatchResponse response = FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().sendEach(messages);
// See the BatchResponse reference documentation
// for the contents of response.
System.out.println(response.getSuccessCount() + " messages were sent successfully");
Python
# Create a list containing up to 500 messages.
messages = [
messaging.Message(
notification=messaging.Notification('Price drop', '5% off all electronics'),
token=registration_token,
),
# ...
messaging.Message(
notification=messaging.Notification('Price drop', '2% off all books'),
topic='readers-club',
),
]
response = messaging.send_each(messages)
# See the BatchResponse reference documentation
# for the contents of response.
print(f'{response.success_count} messages were sent successfully')
Go
// Create a list containing up to 500 messages.
messages := []*messaging.Message{
{
Notification: &messaging.Notification{
Title: "Price drop",
Body: "5% off all electronics",
},
Token: registrationToken,
},
{
Notification: &messaging.Notification{
Title: "Price drop",
Body: "2% off all books",
},
Topic: "readers-club",
},
}
br, err := client.SendEach(context.Background(), messages)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
// See the BatchResponse reference documentation
// for the contents of response.
fmt.Printf("%d messages were sent successfully\n", br.SuccessCount)
C#
// Create a list containing up to 500 messages.
var messages = new List<Message>()
{
new Message()
{
Notification = new Notification()
{
Title = "Price drop",
Body = "5% off all electronics",
},
Token = registrationToken,
},
new Message()
{
Notification = new Notification()
{
Title = "Price drop",
Body = "2% off all books",
},
Topic = "readers-club",
},
};
var response = await FirebaseMessaging.DefaultInstance.SendEachAsync(messages);
// See the BatchResponse reference documentation
// for the contents of response.
Console.WriteLine($"{response.SuccessCount} messages were sent successfully");