在裝置上安裝用戶端應用程式後，即可透過 FCM APN 介面接收訊息。您可以立即開始使用 通知編寫工具，或在應用程式伺服器上建立的訊息，向使用者區隔傳送通知。
處理快訊通知
FCM 會透過 APN 傳送所有鎖定 Apple 應用程式的訊息。如要進一步瞭解如何透過 UNUserNotificationCenter 接收 APN 通知，請參閱 Apple 的「處理通知和通知相關動作」說明文件。
您必須設定 UNUserNotificationCenter 委派程式，並實作適當的委派程式方法，才能接收來自 FCM 的顯示通知。
Swift
extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate { // Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10 devices. func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, willPresent notification: UNNotification) async -> UNNotificationPresentationOptions { let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // ... // Print full message. print(userInfo) // Change this to your preferred presentation option return [[.alert, .sound]] } func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse) async { let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo // ... // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // Print full message. print(userInfo) } }
Objective-C
// Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10 devices. // Handle incoming notification messages while app is in the foreground. - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo; // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // ... // Print full message. NSLog(@"%@", userInfo); // Change this to your preferred presentation option completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert); } // Handle notification messages after display notification is tapped by the user. - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo; if (userInfo[kGCMMessageIDKey]) { NSLog(@"Message ID: %@", userInfo[kGCMMessageIDKey]); } // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // Print full message. NSLog(@"%@", userInfo); completionHandler(); }
如果您想在通知中加入自訂動作，請在通知酬載資料中設定 click_action 參數。請使用 APN 酬載中 category 鍵的值。您必須先註冊自訂動作，才能使用這些動作。詳情請參閱 Apple 的本機和遠端通知程式設計指南。
如要深入瞭解應用程式訊息的傳送情形，請參閱 FCM 報表資訊主頁，這可記錄在 Apple 和 Android 裝置上傳送及開啟的訊息數量，以及 Android 應用程式「曝光次數」(使用者看到的通知) 資料。
處理靜音推播通知
使用 content-available 鍵 (等同於 APN 的 content-available) 傳送訊息時，系統會以靜默通知的形式傳送訊息，喚醒背景中的應用程式，執行背景資料重新整理等工作。與前景通知不同，這些通知必須透過 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:) 方法處理。
請實作 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:)，如下所示：
Swift
func application(_ application: UIApplication, didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) async -> UIBackgroundFetchResult { // If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background, // this callback will not be fired till the user taps on the notification launching the application. // TODO: Handle data of notification // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // Print message ID. if let messageID = userInfo[gcmMessageIDKey] { print("Message ID: \(messageID)") } // Print full message. print(userInfo) return UIBackgroundFetchResult.newData }
Objective-C
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler { // If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background, // this callback will not be fired till the user taps on the notification launching the application. // TODO: Handle data of notification // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // ... // Print full message. NSLog(@"%@", userInfo); completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData); }
Apple 平台無法保證背景通知會傳送。如要瞭解可能導致背景通知失敗的情況，請參閱 Apple 的「將背景更新推送至應用程式」說明文件。
解讀通知訊息酬載
通知訊息的酬載是鍵和值的字典。透過 APN 傳送的通知訊息會遵循 APN 酬載格式，如下所示：
{
"aps" : {
"alert" : {
"body" : "great match!",
"title" : "Portugal vs. Denmark",
},
"badge" : 1,
},
"customKey" : "customValue"
}處理已停用方法混合功能的訊息
根據預設，如果您將應用程式的應用程式委派程式類別指派給 UNUserNotificationCenter 和 Messaging 委派程式屬性，FCM 就會將應用程式委派程式類別進行調換，自動將 FCM 權杖與裝置的 APN 權杖建立關聯，並將收到通知的事件傳遞至 Analytics。如果您明確停用方法 swizzling，或是您正在建構 SwiftUI 應用程式，或是為任一委派程式使用個別的類別，就必須手動執行這兩項工作。
如要將 FCM 權杖與裝置 APN 權杖建立關聯，請透過 apnsToken 屬性，將 APN 權杖傳遞至應用程式委派作業的權杖重新整理處理程序中的 Messaging 類別。
Swift
func application(_ application: UIApplication, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) { Messaging.messaging().apnsToken = deviceToken; }
Objective-C
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken { [FIRMessaging messaging].APNSToken = deviceToken; }
如要將通知收據資訊傳遞至 Analytics，請使用 appDidReceiveMessage(_:) 方法。
Swift
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, willPresent notification: UNNotification, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) { let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // Change this to your preferred presentation option completionHandler([[.alert, .sound]]) } func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) { let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) completionHandler() } func application(_ application: UIApplication, didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable : Any], fetchCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void) { Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) completionHandler(.noData) }
Objective-C
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo; [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // Change this to your preferred presentation option completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert); } - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo; [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; completionHandler(); } - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult result))completionHandler { [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNoData); }