用戶端應用程式安裝在裝置上後，即可透過 FCM APNs 介面接收訊息。您可以立即使用 通知撰寫工具，或在應用程式伺服器上建立訊息，然後傳送給使用者區隔。
處理快訊通知
FCM 會透過 APNs 傳送所有以 Apple 應用程式為目標的訊息。如要進一步瞭解如何透過 UNUserNotificationCenter 接收 APNs 通知，請參閱 Apple 的處理通知和通知相關動作文件。
您必須設定 UNUserNotificationCenter 委派，並實作適當的委派方法，才能接收 FCM 的顯示通知。
Swift
extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate { // Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10 devices. func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, willPresent notification: UNNotification) async -> UNNotificationPresentationOptions { let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // ... // Print full message. print(userInfo) // Change this to your preferred presentation option return [[.alert, .sound]] } func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse) async { let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo // ... // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // Print full message. print(userInfo) } }
Objective-C
// Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10 devices. // Handle incoming notification messages while app is in the foreground. - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo; // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // ... // Print full message. NSLog(@"%@", userInfo); // Change this to your preferred presentation option completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert); } // Handle notification messages after display notification is tapped by the user. - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo; if (userInfo[kGCMMessageIDKey]) { NSLog(@"Message ID: %@", userInfo[kGCMMessageIDKey]); } // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // Print full message. NSLog(@"%@", userInfo); completionHandler(); }
如要在通知中新增自訂動作，請在通知酬載中設定 click_action 參數。請使用您在 APNs 酬載中為 category 鍵使用的值。自訂動作必須先註冊才能使用。詳情請參閱 Apple 的《本機和遠端通知程式設計指南》。
如要深入瞭解訊息傳送至應用程式的情況，請參閱 FCM報表資訊主頁，其中會記錄在 Apple 和 Android 裝置上傳送及開啟的訊息數量，以及 Android 應用程式的「曝光次數」(使用者看到的通知) 資料。
處理無聲推播通知
使用 content-available 鍵 (相當於 APNs 的 content-available) 傳送訊息時，訊息會以無聲通知的形式傳送，在背景喚醒應用程式，執行背景資料重新整理等工作。與前景通知不同，這類通知必須透過 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:) 方法處理。
如以下範例所示，實作 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:)：
Swift
func application(_ application: UIApplication, didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) async -> UIBackgroundFetchResult { // If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background, // this callback will not be fired till the user taps on the notification launching the application. // TODO: Handle data of notification // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // Print message ID. if let messageID = userInfo[gcmMessageIDKey] { print("Message ID: \(messageID)") } // Print full message. print(userInfo) return UIBackgroundFetchResult.newData }
Objective-C
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler { // If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background, // this callback will not be fired till the user taps on the notification launching the application. // TODO: Handle data of notification // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // ... // Print full message. NSLog(@"%@", userInfo); completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData); }
Apple 平台無法保證會傳送背景通知。如要瞭解可能導致背景通知失敗的條件，請參閱 Apple 的「將背景更新推送至應用程式」文件。
解讀通知訊息酬載
通知訊息的酬載是索引鍵和值的字典。透過 APNs 傳送的通知訊息會採用下列 APNs 酬載格式：
{
"aps" : {
"alert" : {
"body" : "great match!",
"title" : "Portugal vs. Denmark",
},
"badge" : 1,
},
"customKey" : "customValue"
}處理停用方法調換的訊息
根據預設，如果您將應用程式的應用程式委派類別指派給 UNUserNotificationCenter 和 Messaging 委派屬性，FCM 會交換應用程式委派類別，自動將 FCM 權杖與裝置的 APNs 權杖建立關聯，並將通知接收事件傳遞至 Analytics。如果您明確停用方法交換，或是建構 SwiftUI 應用程式，或使用個別類別做為任一委派，則必須手動執行這兩項工作。
如要將 FCM 權杖與裝置 APNs 權杖建立關聯，請透過 apnsToken 屬性，將 APNs 權杖傳遞至應用程式委派項目的權杖重新整理處理常式中的 Messaging 類別。
Swift
func application(_ application: UIApplication, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) { Messaging.messaging().apnsToken = deviceToken; }
Objective-C
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken { [FIRMessaging messaging].APNSToken = deviceToken; }
如要將通知接收資訊傳遞至 Analytics，請使用 appDidReceiveMessage(_:) 方法。
Swift
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, willPresent notification: UNNotification, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) { let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) // Change this to your preferred presentation option completionHandler([[.alert, .sound]]) } func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) { let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) completionHandler() } func application(_ application: UIApplication, didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable : Any], fetchCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void) { Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo) completionHandler(.noData) }
Objective-C
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo; [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; // Change this to your preferred presentation option completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert); } - (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo; [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; completionHandler(); } - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult result))completionHandler { [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo]; completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNoData); }